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September 17, 2025
The medical fields of obstetrics and gynecology both focus on the female reproductive system, but they address different aspects of women’s health. Understanding the differences between an obstetrician and a gynecologist can help you identify the right specialist for your healthcare needs. Here is more information on the two fields, including the services they offer, the conditions they treat, and what to think about when choosing a specialist:
What Is Obstetrics?
Obstetrics is the medical specialty that focuses on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. An obstetrician is a physician who specializes in managing a woman’s health during pregnancy and birth. They are trained to handle both routine pregnancies and high-risk situations that may arise.
Obstetricians provide care from conception through delivery and the weeks following childbirth. They monitor the health of both the mother and the developing fetus. Their expertise includes managing labor, performing deliveries, and addressing postpartum complications.
What Is a Gynecologist?
Gynecology is the branch of medicine that deals with the health of the female reproductive system. This includes the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts. A gynecologist is a physician who diagnoses and treats issues related to these organs.
A gynecologist provides care for women from puberty through menopause and beyond. They focus on non-pregnant reproductive health, preventive care, and the treatment of diseases. Some physicians specialize in both obstetrics and gynecology, and are referred to as OB-GYNs.
What Services Do They Offer?
Obstetricians and gynecologists offer a range of services specific to their fields. An obstetrician provides prenatal care, which includes routine check-ups, ultrasounds, and screenings to monitor the pregnancy. They also manage labor and delivery, including performing cesarean sections when needed, and offer postpartum care to support recovery after childbirth.
A gynecologist provides routine preventative services like pelvic exams, Pap tests, and breast exams. They also offer contraception counseling and management, as well as diagnosis and treatment for reproductive health issues. Some gynecologists perform minimally invasive surgical procedures, such as hysteroscopies.
What Conditions Do They Treat?
Obstetricians treat conditions that occur during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. This may include:
- Gestational diabetes
- Preeclampsia
- Ectopic pregnancies
- Placenta issues
Gynecologists treat a wide range of conditions affecting the female reproductive system outside of pregnancy. These can include:
- Menstrual disorders
- Infertility
- Uterine fibroids
- Endometriosis
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
What Should You Look For?
When selecting a gynecologist or obstetrician, evaluate several factors. Look for a physician who is board-certified, as this indicates they have met rigorous standards of training and expertise. You may also check for experience with specific conditions or procedures that are relevant to your health. Reading patient reviews and seeking recommendations from trusted sources can provide insight into a physician’s practice style.
Visit a Gynecologist Today
Obstetrics and gynecology are two specialties dedicated to women’s health, each with a specific focus. An obstetrician manages pregnancy and childbirth, while a gynecologist addresses the health of the female reproductive system. Understanding their distinct roles allows you to seek the appropriate care for your specific needs. If you have concerns about your reproductive health or need routine care, scheduling a visit with a gynecologist is a proactive step.
